Electric Water Pump Vs Mechanical Water Pump: Which One to Choose?

Firstly, we must understand the main function of a water pump. Since engine combustion generates heat, water pumps have become an important part of the cooling system in most cars. Both types have their advantages and disadvantages, so the key is to consider what you're aiming to achieve and then weigh the pros and cons of each option.

Mechanical and electric water pumps serve the same purpose: to circulate coolant to regulate the engine's operating temperature and prevent overheating, regardless of the weather. But there are some differences between them.

Are you dealing with overheating issues? Is your vehicle primarily used on the street or at the track? Are you after more horsepower? These are common questions, and the answers will guide your decision. Let's break it down and explore the options.

Mechanical Water Pump

A mechanical water pump is exactly what it sounds like—mechanical. It uses a belt drive connected to a shaft that spins an impeller to pull coolant from the radiator and distribute it to the engine block. While not all mechanical pumps are the same in terms of flow and rotation, they generally serve the same purpose. The key thing to remember is that the flow increases as the engine RPM rises.

Mechanical Water Pump

Electric Water Pump

An electric water pump works similarly to a mechanical pump in that it pulls coolant from the radiator and pumps it to the engine block. However, it uses an electric motor to spin the shaft connected to the impeller. Like mechanical pumps, there are variations, but they share the fundamental difference of being powered electronically. Unlike mechanical pumps, electric pumps offer a constant flow regardless of engine RPM, unlike the variable flow of mechanical pumps.

Electronic Water Pump

Pros and Cons

In most cases, a mechanical water pump will be the go-to choice for most people because it covers all the basic needs. It flows better at higher RPMs, performs well in traffic, and is easier to integrate with things like heating and air conditioning.

That said, the main drawback of a mechanical pump is that it’s driven by the engine itself. Often paired with a mechanical fan, this setup can rob the engine of some horsepower—something that matters to performance enthusiasts. If you’re looking to squeeze out every last bit of power, switching to an electric pump could be a better choice.

Comparing the Options

When comparing mechanical water pumps, things can get tricky because many manufacturers don't publish flow rates. Flow is directly tied to the pulley ratio, which can vary widely. Typically, mechanical pumps are offered in either cast iron or cast aluminum housing. Cast aluminum helps dissipate heat faster and is lighter by a few pounds.

As for electric pumps, there’s a wide variety, but the most common ones are the two-leg style, which generally flows around 35 GPM. Some manufacturers produce electric pumps with different designs and higher flow ratings, up to 55 GPM. For most applications, a 35 GPM pump will do the job, but if you need more flow and your budget allows for it, 55 GPM pumps are some of the best on the market.

Things to Consider

When choosing a mechanical pump, make sure to check whether you need a standard (clockwise or CW) or reverse (counter-clockwise or CCW) rotation. Hub height is also crucial, as many vehicles have what are called long or short hub heights. Hub height is measured from where the pump mates to the engine block or timing cover, to the outer edge of the flange or hub where the water pump pulley bolts on. Additionally, the pilot shaft diameter should be noted, as different factory and aftermarket styles may vary.

Ultimately, choosing the right water pump comes down to your specific needs, vehicle type, and performance goals. Make an informed choice, and your engine will thank you.

Act now to improve performance!

Whether you choose a mechanical or electric water pump, make sure you choose a high-quality product to safeguard the health and performance of your engine. If you're thinking about boosting your vehicle's performance or addressing overheating issues, now is the time to take action! Choosing the right water pump can help you improve engine efficiency, reduce energy waste, and make your car more stable and powerful on the road. Shop now to experience more efficient and powerful power delivery!